Metal window construction.



G. H. FORSYTH. METAL WIvNDOW CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION TILED JUNI: so, 190e.

Patented Feb. 18, 1913.

UNITED Sfihiillliltf PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE H. FORSYTH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

METAL VVINIJOW CONSTRUCTION.

Specicationof Letters Patent.

' atented Feb. 1 8, t 913.

Application filed June 30, 1906.. l Serial No. 324,247.

To all lwhom it 'may concer/i Be it known that I, Gnonon II. lioiisv'rii, a citizen of the United States, residing,lr at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metal lVindow (lonstructions, oi which the following is a speciication.

This invention relates to metal window constructions, and pertains more especially to a novel construction of sash and guiding' means therefor, whereby a tight and substantially dustsprool' bearing of the sash in its guides is maintained.

r1`he invention has been more particularly although not exclusively, designed for use in connection with car windows. In carrying out the main feature, which pertains to the sash-guiding means, I provide in the Stiles or other guide-engaging' members ot' the sash seats or pockets adapted to contain one or more auxiliary guiding devices, such as balls or rollers; said seats or pockets in against the bottom or side wall ot the guidegroove, whereby the ball or roller exerts a wedg'ing action tending to produce a snug l operate in guiding the sash duringr movesome forms being provided with an inclined wall against which the ball or roller bears, the other side of said ball or roller bearing tit of the stile or other guide-eiigg'agine, mein`- ber in the guide-groove. lVliere the .said ball or roller operates as a wedge I provide means whereby its wedging' action may be wholly or partially intermitted when the window is to be raised or lowered, so as to permit a. 'free sliding action of the saslnin its guides. In other forms of the invention, a ball or corresponding member may be caused to maintain a substantially uniform and preferably elastic engagement between the sash and its guide or guides, and to coment.

The invention will be readily understood when considered in connection with the aceompanying drawing, showing an approved mechanical embodiment thereof, in whicli,-

' Figures 1 to 6, inclusive, are end views of a sash stile and its cooperating guidegroove, showing various forms and applications of my invention thereto and 8 arefragmentary cross-sectional views on lines 7-7 and 8-f8 of Fig. i, tively; Fig. 9 is an elevation of the lower end of a sash, illustrating a sini] e ball-releasing meansgnand Fig. 10 is a detail per- Figs. 7 v

l spective view ot an attachable ball-engagingt,r i strip employial in one olthe lorins of the invention illustrated.

Referring to the drawings, 15 may designate in Figs. 'l to 7 a portion ot the casing,r having formed integrally therewith or secured thereto side and bottom walls 1G and 17, respectively, ot usual sash-guiding grooves.

y 1S designates as an entirety a detachable strip secured to the casing '15 the inner 'all of said strip constitrting in various Jforms hereinafter more particularly i'c'l'ei'red to, the opposite side wall of the guide-groove.

l!) designates a ball constituting a feature common to all ot' the several specific embodiments ot the. invention illustrated; which ba'll is interposed between one or more surl'aecs oi the guide-groove and one or more adjacent surfaces ot the sash trame, and luis fior its main `luzu'tiens to hold the sash in engagement with the leguide-groove, to eooperate in guiding' the sash, to adjust the sash widthwise ol the opening, and` in some i forms, to substantially loch the sash in any lopen or closed position, except when re- 'leased b v an actuating mechanism hereinafter described to permit the moving otl the sash. 'lhese several tunetions are etl'ccted in the several Aforms shown by causing the ball to engage between bearing' surfaces o't' i the sash and rQ'uide. respectively, one of which is either resilient or inclined to the i other` or both.

i Referringr now iuore particularly to the I specitie structure ot the several forms l l l l shawn` and eonsideringlfirst vthe construetion illustrated in Figs. l. 7 and 8, 20 designates a hollow sheet: metal sash frame member, herein shown as a stile, in one of the side walls ot' which is iornied a shallow recess or pocket Q1V which may conveniently be created by stamping' or pressing the metal as shown, or by riveting aV separate piece to the sash. This pocket is deepest at its I center and ot gradually increasing shallowness toward its ends, as best shown in Fig. l 8. In this i side -of whichball has a rolling enga ement I with the inner-.wall of the pocket, w ile its t other side rollingly contacts the inner wall ot" the guide-strip 18, which inner wall may he bent or otherwise formed to resent a shallow V-groove running len hwise of the strip, as shown at 22 (Fig. 1 It will be i i inwardly by means of a suitably shaped die,

pocket is placed the ball 19, one y appareirt that by virtue of this construction. the ball tends by gravity to wedge and crowd itseli: into the lowerl end of the pocket 21, whereby ittendsto crowd the sash stile transverselvv and maintain the opposite side of the stile in snug engagement with its contacting `all 1o of the groove, and to hold the sash laterally in its guides. It will also be apparent that any lifting effect upon the sash will tend to roll the ball farther down in the pocket, thus increasing the transverse lcrowding effect and tending to lock the sash against a lifting movement.

In Fig. 2 the sash Istile Q3 has the longitudinal margii'ial portions of its two side walls inwardly turned at an angle to each other, as indicated at Q4., from each of which mais ginal portions are formed horizontal upper and lower lips 24a serving to eonine the ball against vertical movement. One side of the ball contacts the members Q4 between the upper and lower lips 24a, while the oppositel resilient and tend to force the ball against' the groove 22", thisI action also tending. by reaction, lo force the sides of the stlle aga-insty the side walls of the groove.

In the construction shown in Fig. S the,

sash stile Q5 has one of its side walls formed wlth an inwardly loent angular marginal strip 2G. in which latter is formed a pocket Q1 similar to the pocket Q1 already described; said pocket having rolling engagement with one side of the ball 19, the latter having a rolling engagement on its opposite side with the bottom wall 17 of the guidegroove and also with the inner side ot the opposite side wall of the sash stile. This construction. like that of Fig. Q, tends to spread the sidewalls of the stile and maintainthem in snug engagement with their respective adjacent Awalls of the groove.

Figs. 4 and l0 show a construction employing a hollow sheet metal stile 27 generally similar to the stile 20 of Fig. l; one corner of said stile being Yllattenedso as to present a transversely inclined wall '28, to which latter is secured a ballretaining strip having a horizontal lip 29 overlying the ball and an inclined tongue 29 oblique to the plane of the sash extending beneath the ball, so as to throw out the latter, Which tongue may be of elastic inet-al. This tongue 29a {ills the same ottica and serves the same purpose as the lower inclined portion ofthe pocketor seat described in connection with Figs. 1, 7 and 8. Said ball also engages at one point the bottom wall 17 of the guidegroove, while the guide-strip 18 has its inner face formed to present a wide angle 29 (transversely of the strip) one or both of the surfaces of which may rollingly contact the ball. ln this construction the wedging etleet of the ball tends to crowd the sash laterally in an oblique direction, one component of which crowds the sash cross-wise of its guide-groove, while the other component tends to crowd the sash widthwise or in its own plane. The arrangementshown is adapted for a counter-balance sash; for a gravity sash the strip would be inverted.

ln the construction shownby Fig. 5 the bottom wall 17 of the groove has formed therefrom horizontal ball coniining lips 17a, and the ball engages the inclined wall 28 of the sash, being thrown into such engagement by the pressure thereon of a free inwardly turned elastic marginal portion 30 of the strip 18.

Fig. G shows a modification of the construction ot' Figli?, wherein one of the side walls 31 of the sash stile is somewhat narrowed so as to inst enter the groove without being engaged by the ball 19, the latter engaging the bottom 'all 17 of the groove and an elastic marginal portion 3Q of theguidestrip 1S; the etl'ect secured by this construction being substantially the same as that pertainingl to the construction of Fig. S.

It, will be l served that in all the constructionsthus far described excepting that of Fig. 1, the deflected walls with which the ball contacts are inclined to horizontal lines both in the plane of and transverse llo the llplane of the sash and as a consequence the act-ion of the ball is to thrust the sash both in a crosswise and edgewise directioh. ,This l,latter is of especial advantage where the construction described is employedonly upon one stile ofthe sash, as it tends to force 'the corresponding edge of theoppositestile into closer engagement with the bottom wall of its cooperating guide-groove.A i` y For the purpose of raising the ball-out ot' the bottom of the socket so as to release or relieve the wedging action when the sash is to be raised, l show in Figs. '7,' 8 and 9 a strip 33' mounted in suitable guides 3l within thestile, said strip having a horizontal arm projecting' through the side wall of the pocket so as to lie beneath the ball, for which purpose said side wall is provided with a vertical slot 3o. 'lhe lower end. of the strip 33 projects-through a slot in the side of the sash, forming a handle 37, by raising which the ball may be contacted and raised by the arm 255 to a free position. A spring 38 normally forces th strip downwardly to a position in whici the arm 35 lies below the lowestposition assumed by the ball 19. The strip 33 may also beprovided with another arm 39 also projecting through the slot 8 above the ball, so that by depressing the handle 37 the ball may be forced downwardly to increase thel wedging eil'ect. The construction last described is for a courriel-balanced sash; in the ease of a gravity sash the spring` 3S would act in the opposite direction7 and the functions of the arms and 39 Would be reversed. This device may, obviously, be applied, with slight change 0f relative location, to all of the several forms shown in Figs. 2 to 6, inelusive.

It .will be evident to those skilled in the art that various features` of the invention as above described and shown in the drawl ing may be considerably n'oditied and varied without departing from the principle of the invention or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof. Hence l do not limitI the invention to the particular construction shown, except tothe extentl indicated in specific claims. i

I claimn 1. The combination with a sash and sash guide, of a surface on one of said parts inclined to horizontal lines both in the plane of and transverse to the plane of the sash, a Wedge member interposed between said inclined surface and an opposed surface on the other of said parts, and a release for said wedge member mounted on said sash, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a sash and sash guide, of a surface on one of said parts inclined in a direction transverse to the plane of the sash, a roll interposed between said inclined surface and an opposed surface on the other of said parts, and releasing means mounted on said sash and adapted to more said roll thereby permittingr free movement of the sash Within the sash guide, substantially as described.

P. The con-binatit-)n with a sash and sash guide, of a surface on one of said parts inclined to horizontal lines both in the plane of and transverse to the 'plane of the sash, a wedge member interposed between jsaid inclined surface and an opposed vertical surface on the other of said parts, and means for releasing said wedge member thereby permitting` frce movement of the sash, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a sash and a sash guide, of a surface carried by said sash and mclmed to horlzontal lilies both 1n the plane of and transverse to the plane of the latter,

a wedge member interposed between said inclined surface and an opposed vertical sur-v face of the guide, and `a manually actuated release mounted on said sash for releaslng said wedge member thereby allowing free movement of the sash, substantially as de-l scribed.

The combination with a sash and sash guide, of relatively yieldable surfaces carried by said parts disposed at an angle to each othe and yeldablc in a direction transverse to the plane of the sash, anda wedge member interposed between said surfaces, substantially as described.

6. 'l he con bination with a sash and a sash guide, of a sash-adjusting device comprising a pair of relatively inclined surfaces carried by said parts, the inclination whereof lies in a direction oblique to the plane of the sash, and a wedge member between and yieldable relatively to said surfaces, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a sash anda sash guide, of relatively inclined surfaces carried by said'parts, and'means between and' cooperating" with said surfaces and brought into action by the movement of the sash, normally tending to thrust .the sash both edgewise in itsl own planeaud transversely into engagement with a side wall of the guide, substantially as described.

S. The combination with a sash and a sash guide, of. inclined surfaces carried by said parts disposed at' an angle to each other. a roll member interposed and acting between said inclined surfaces, and means mounted on the sash for releasing said roll thereby allowing free movement of thesash within the sash guide, substantially as del scribed. y

5). The combination of a sash and sash guide. ot a surface. on one of said parts in- 'clined to horizontal lines both' in ,the plane of and transverse to the planeof the sash, tightening means interposed between said inclined surlamiand an opposed surface on the other of said parts, and 'u'eans carried by said sash for releasing said tightening means, thereby permitting free movement of 100 the sash, substantially as described.

GEORGE H. FORSYTH.

lVitnesses: I

SAMUEL N. PoNn, liunnlnuoii C. (iooowin. 

